| is, the second article about grilling safety we will look | | | | hours (1 hour if temperatures are above 90 °F). |
| at safe cooking temperatures, reheating and serving. | | | | Safe Smoking |
| Getting these right is really important. | | | | Smoking is cooking food indirectly in the presence of |
| Cook food to a safe minimum internal temperature | | | | a fire. It can be done in a covered grill if a pan of |
| to destroy harmful bacteria. Meat and poultry cooked | | | | water is placed beneath the meat on the grill; and |
| on a grill often browns very fast on the outside. Use | | | | meats can be smoked in a "smoker," which is an |
| a food thermometer to be sure the food has | | | | outdoor cooker especially designed for smoking |
| reached a safe minimum internal temperature. Beef, | | | | foods. Smoking is done much more slowly than grilling, |
| veal, and lamb steaks, roasts and chops can be | | | | so less tender meats benefit from this method, and |
| cooked to 145 °F. Hamburgers made of ground | | | | a natural smoke flavoring permeates the meat. The |
| beef should reach 160 °F. All cuts of pork should | | | | temperature in the smoker should be maintained at |
| reach 160 °F. All poultry should reach a minimum | | | | 250 to 300 °F for safety. |
| of 165 °F. | | | | Use a food thermometer to be sure the food has |
| SAFE MINIMUM INTERNAL TEMPERATURES | | | | reached a safe internal temperature. |
| Whole poultry: 165 °F | | | | Pit Roasting |
| Poultry breasts: 165 °F | | | | Pit roasting is cooking meat in a large, level hole dug |
| Ground poultry: 165 °F | | | | in the earth. A hardwood fire is built in the pit, |
| Hamburgers, beef: 160 °F | | | | requiring wood equal to about 2½ times the |
| Beef, veal, and lamb (steaks, roasts and chops): | | | | volume of the pit. The hardwood is allowed to burn |
| Medium rare 145 °F | | | | until the wood reduces and the pit is half filled with |
| Medium 160 °F | | | | burning coals. This can require 4 to 6 hours burning |
| All cuts of pork: 160 °F | | | | time. |
| Cook Thoroughly | | | | Cooking may require 10 to 12 hours or more and is |
| NEVER partially grill meat or poultry and finish cooking | | | | difficult to estimate. A food thermometer must be |
| later. | | | | used to determine the meat's safety and doneness. |
| Reheating | | | | There are many variables such as outdoor |
| When reheating fully cooked meats like hot dogs, grill | | | | temperature, the size and thickness of the meat, and |
| to 165 °F or until steaming hot. | | | | how fast the coals are cooking. |
| Keep Hot Food Hot | | | | Does Grilling Pose a Cancer Risk? |
| After cooking meat and poultry on the grill, keep it | | | | Some studies suggest there may be a cancer risk |
| hot until served -- at 140 °F or warmer. | | | | related to eating food cooked by high-heat cooking |
| Keep cooked meats hot by setting them to the side | | | | techniques as grilling, frying, and broiling. Based on |
| of the grill rack, not directly over the coals where | | | | present research findings, eating moderate amounts |
| they could overcook. At home, the cooked meat can | | | | of grilled meats like fish, meat, and poultry cooked -- |
| be kept hot in an oven set at approximately 200 | | | | without charring -- to a safe temperature does not |
| °F, in a chafing dish or slow cooker, or on a | | | | pose a problem. |
| warming tray. | | | | To prevent charring, remove visible fat that can |
| Serving the Food | | | | cause a flare-up. Precook meat in the microwave |
| When taking food off the grill, use a clean platter. | | | | immediately before placing it on the grill to release |
| Don't put cooked food on the same platter that held | | | | some of the juices that can drop on coals. Cook |
| raw meat or poultry. Any harmful bacteria present in | | | | food in the center of the grill and move coals to the |
| the raw meat juices could contaminate safely cooked | | | | side to prevent fat and juices from dripping on them. |
| food. | | | | Cut charred portions off the meat. |
| In hot weather (above 90 °F), food should | | | | So to summarise, make sure that the food you cook |
| never sit out for more than 1 hour. | | | | on your grill is properly cooked by monitoring the |
| Leftovers | | | | internal temperature, avoid charring and if you really |
| Refrigerate any leftovers promptly in shallow | | | | must reheat, reheat thoroughly. |
| containers. Discard any food left out more than 2 | | | | |