American Barbecue - A Brief History

Cooking food over an open flame is older thanis where barbecue sauce comes in.
written history. One of the first uses of fire was forAll barbecue is generously and often coated with
cooking and humans - mostly men - have arguedtangy barbecue sauce. The sauces used vary from
over the right technique for scorching animal meatregion to region and even from cook to cook.
over an open flame since.Sometimes the sauce is sweet, sometimes spice but
The modern era of grilling and barbecuing has a muchit is almost always tangy. The "dry" or "wet"
shorter history than all of human civilization. Indeed,distinction of barbecue is not as bright a line as one
while most cooking has moved inside to the kitchen,might suspect. A wet barbecue is one where a
a dedicated few remain willing to brave a sunnygenerous coat of sauce is applied at the end of the
Sunday afternoon in order to put meat on theircooking time; this step is skipped for a dry barbecue.
family's paper plates. Barbecuing is easily the latestThe heat source is also important. While some
innovation in this tradition.professional and competitive barbequing is done
Two distinct types of barbecuing developed in thetoday with gas, most purists prefer to use wood or
United States - pork and beef. Not surprisingly thecharcoal or both. While gas can provide steady and
two types developed in areas where their respectivepredictable temperatures, wood and charcoal heat is
meats were at hand. Pork barbecue rose out of themore traditional and greatly adds to the quality of
Southern states while beef barbecue was moreflavor of the barbeque. The choice of material is
popular in Texas. In both cases large chunks of meat,important because whatever is burned to produce
if not the whole animal, were placed over a lowthe heat will impart a unique quality to the barbeque.
burning heat source. While you will still find fanaticalThe art and skill of barbequing has come a long way.
devotes of both styles all types of barbecue areEnclosed cookers, precise thermometers and a wide
available in most areas these days.variety of sauces makes barbequing today much
Unlike grilling meat which is usually done by quicklydifferent than it was in the beginning. But little has
cooking over direct heat, barbecuing involves longchanged, too: a heat source, a large chunk of meat
periods and indirect heat. It is not unusual for a goodand lots of sauce that is, more often than not, based
barbecue recipe to require hours of cooking. Normallyon a secret recipe.
this would dry the meat out and leave it inedible. This